Progressive Movement Practice Exam

Which movement successfully led to the establishment of national parks during the Progressive Era?

1. Labor movement

2. Conservation movement

3. Women's suffrage movement

4. Civil rights movement

The correct answer is: Conservation movement

The conservation movement played a pivotal role during the Progressive Era in leading to the establishment of national parks. This movement focused on the responsible management and preservation of the nation’s natural resources, advocating for the protection of wilderness areas and the sustainable use of land. Key figures such as John Muir and President Theodore Roosevelt were instrumental in this movement, influencing public opinion and policy regarding the importance of preserving natural landscapes for future generations. The establishment of national parks was seen as essential not only for preserving the environment but also for providing recreational opportunities for the public. Legislative actions during this period, such as the National Park Service Act of 1916, were direct outcomes of the momentum generated by the conservation movement, reflecting a growing recognition of the need to protect these natural treasures. In contrast, the labor movement was primarily focused on workers’ rights and better working conditions, the women’s suffrage movement centered around securing voting rights for women, and the civil rights movement addressed issues of racial equality. While these movements were significant in their own right, none were directly involved in the specific establishment and promotion of national parks as a part of their agendas. Therefore, the conservation movement stands out as the catalyst for this vital aspect of American environmental policy during the Progressive Era.